Friday 6 September 2024

陶淵明 Tao Yuanming

中文參考:

龔斌:《陶淵明集校箋》(上海:上海古籍出版社,1996)。

袁行霈:《陶淵明集箋注》(北京:中華書局,2018)。

English translations by ChatGPT


卷之一

詩四言

停雲并序

        停雲,思親友也。罇湛新醪,園列𥘉榮。願言不從,歎息彌𬓛。

The Clouds at Rest, Thinking of Family and Friends. The jar is filled with new brew, and the garden is adorned with freshly blooming flowers. I wish to speak but cannot, and my sighs deepen my longing.

靄靄停雲,濛濛時雨。八表同昏,平路伊阻。靜寄東軒,春醪獨撫。良朋悠邈,搔首延佇。

The clouds at rest hang low, and the drizzle continues to fall. The eight corners of the world are shrouded in darkness, and even the level roads are now obstructed. Quietly, I sit in the eastern pavilion, alone with my spring wine. My good friends are far away, and I scratch my head in prolonged waiting.

停雲靄靄,時雨濛濛。八表同昏,平陸成江。有酒有酒,閒飲東窗。願言懷人,舟車靡從。

The clouds at rest hang low, and the drizzle continues to fall. The eight corners of the world are shrouded in darkness, and the flat plains have turned into rivers. There is wine, there is wine; I drink leisurely by the eastern window. I long to meet my cherished ones, but neither boat nor carriage can reach them.

東園之樹,枝條載榮。競用新好,以怡余情。人亦有言,日月于征。安得促席,說彼平生?

The trees in the eastern garden are laden with flourishing branches. They compete in fresh beauty, delighting my heart. People often say that time passes quickly like the sun and the moon on their journey. How can we shorten our distance to share tales of our lives?

翩翩飛鳥,息我庭柯。歛翮閒止,好聲相和。豈無他人,念子寔多。願言不𫉬,抱恨如何!

The graceful birds flutter and rest on the boughs in my courtyard. Folding their wings, they pause at ease, their sweet songs harmonizing. Although others exist, my thoughts dwell heavily on you. How could I express my wish but fail to reach you, leaving me to harbor this sorrow?


時運

        時運,游暮既春也。春服成,景物斯和,偶影獨游,欣慨交心。

Fortune of the Times, Wandering at Dusk in Spring. The spring attire is ready, and the scenery is harmonious. Wandering alone, I reflect on the interplay of joy and sorrow.

邁邁時運,穆穆良朝。襲我春服,薄言東郊。山滌餘靄,宇曖微霄。有風自南,翼彼新苗。

The fortune of the times advances steadily; the morning is serene and auspicious. I don my spring garments and head out to the eastern suburbs. The mountains cleanse the lingering mists, and the sky brightens gently. A breeze blows from the south, nurturing the young sprouts.

洋洋平澤,乃漱乃濯。邈邈遐景,載欣載矚。稱心而言,人亦易足。揮兹一觴,陶然自樂。

The vast and level marshland glistens; I rinse my hands and feet in its waters. The distant scene is broad and expansive, bringing delight to my gaze. Speaking in harmony with my thoughts, it is easy to feel content. I lift my cup and, in this state of ease, find my own joy.

延目中流,悠悠清沂。童冠齊業,閑詠以歸。我愛其靜,寤寐交揮。但悵殊世,邈不可追。

My gaze stretches to the central stream, the clear waters of the Yi River flowing gently. Young boys and girls study and practice together, returning with carefree songs. I love the tranquility here, where waking and sleeping blend into one. Yet, I lament the different world we live in, a distant past that cannot be pursued.

斯晨斯夕,言息其廬。花藥分列,林竹翳如。清琴橫床,濁酒半壷。黃唐莫逮,慨獨在余。

Morning and evening, I rest in my humble dwelling. Flowers and herbs are arranged in orderly rows; the trees and bamboo create a shaded canopy. A clear zither lies across my bed, a half-full jug of wine beside me. The golden age of the past cannot be reached, and this reflection brings a deep sigh to my heart.


榮木

        榮木,念將老也。日月推遷。已復九夏。總角聞道。白首無成。

The Flourishing Trees, Reflecting on Aging The passage of days and months has brought nine summers. Since childhood, I've sought wisdom, yet in my gray-haired years, I have achieved nothing.

采采榮木,結根于茲。晨耀其華夕已喪之。人生若寄顦顇有時。靜言孔念中心悵而。

The flourishing trees, how they thrive here. In the morning, they shine in glory, but by evening, they are lost. Life is transient, and frailty has its time. Quietly pondering, my heart is filled with deep sorrow.

采采榮木于茲託根。繁華朝起慨暮不存。貞脆由人禍福無門。匪道曷依匪善奚敦。

The flourishing trees, they take root here. In the morning, they bloom in splendor; by dusk, they are no more. Strength and fragility are within human hands, and fortune and misfortune have no definite path. Without the way, on what can we rely? Without goodness, what should we uphold?

嗟余小子稟茲固陋。徂年既流業不增舊。志彼不舍安此日富。我之懷矣怛焉內疚

Alas, I am but a humble man, endowed with inherent limitations. The years have flowed by, yet my achievements have not surpassed the past. While others strive without rest, how can I be content with mere daily abundance? My heart is weighed down, aching within.

先師遺訓余豈之墜。四十無聞斯不足畏。脂我名車策我名驥。千里雖遙孰敢不至。

The teachings of my master, how could I let them fade? At forty, I've achieved nothing notable, but this should not be a cause for fear. Grease my famed chariot, urge on my noble steed. Though the journey spans a thousand miles, who dares say it cannot be reached?


贈長沙公

        余於長沙公為族祖,同出大司馬。昭穆既遠,以為路人。經過潯陽,臨別贈此。

To My Ancestor of the Clan from Changsha My ancestor from the Changsha lineage is of the same clan as I, both descended from the Grand Marshal. Though our genealogical connection has grown distant, we have become like strangers. Passing through Xunyang, I composed this poem as a farewell gift.

同源分流,人易世疏。慨然寤歎,念茲厥初。禮服遂悠,歲月眇徂。感彼行路,眷然躊躇。

From the same source, we have diverged, and people change as the world grows distant. Moved, I awaken with a sigh, contemplating our shared beginnings. Rituals and customs have long faded, and the years have quietly passed. Feeling the plight of travelers, I linger with nostalgic hesitation.

於穆令族,允構斯堂。諧氣冬暄,映懷圭璋。爰采春花,載警秋霜。我曰欽哉,寔宗之光。

How grand is our noble lineage, which built this esteemed hall. Harmonious spirits warm even the winter's cold, reflecting the purity of jade in our hearts. Spring flowers are gathered here, and autumn frosts remind us of their warning. I revere it all, for it illuminates the glory of our ancestry.

伊余云遘,在長忘同。笑言未久,逝焉西東。遙遙三湘,滔滔九江。山川阻遠,行李時通。

I, on a journey, found myself in Changsha, where shared roots are easily forgotten. Our laughter and conversation were brief, and soon we parted, going east and west. The distant Three Xiangs stretch far, the vast Nine Rivers flow unceasingly. Mountains and rivers lie between us, but our letters can occasionally bridge the divide.

何以寫心?貽茲話言。進簣雖微,終焉為山。敬哉離人,臨路悽然。款襟或遼,音問其先。

How can I express my feelings? I leave these words as a token. Though a small contribution is like adding a basket of earth to a mountain, it builds over time. May you take heed, O traveler, as we part on this road with heavy hearts. Even though our hearts may be far apart, let our correspondence reach one another first.


酬丁柴桑

In Response to Ding of Chaisang

有客有客,爰來爰止。秉直司聰,于惠百里。飡勝如歸,聆善若始。

A guest has come, a guest indeed, coming and staying at my place. He holds firmly to justice and brings wisdom, spreading benevolence throughout the land he governs. Dining with him feels as comfortable as being at home, and listening to his insights always feels refreshing and new.

匪惟諧也,屢有良由。載言載眺,以寫我憂。放歡一遇,既醉還休。寔欣心期,方從我游。

Not only are our conversations harmonious, but they also have profound meaning. As we talk and gaze at the scenery, it eases my worries. We let go and enjoy this rare encounter, drinking until we are merry and then resting. I am truly delighted by this heartfelt meeting, and I look forward to him accompanying me on my journeys.


答龐參軍

龎為衛軍參軍。從江陵使上都。過潯陽見贈。

衡門之下,有琴有書。載彈載詠,爰得我娛。豈無他好?樂是幽居。朝為灌園,夕偃蓬廬。

人之所寶,尚或未珍。不有同愛,云胡以親?我求良友,實覯懷人。懽心孔洽,棟宇唯鄰。

伊余懷人,欣徳孜孜。我有旨酒,與汝樂之。乃陳好言,乃著新詩。一日不見,如何不思。

嘉遊未斁,誓將離分。送爾于路,銜觴無欣。依依舊楚,邈邈西雲。之子之遠,良話曷聞。

昔我云別,倉庚載鳴。今也遇之,霰雪飄零。大藩有命,作使上京。豈忘宴安?王事靡寧。

慘慘寒日,肅肅其風。翩彼方舟,容與江中。勖哉征人,在始思終。敬茲良辰,以保爾躬。


勸農

悠悠上古,厥初生民。傲然自足,抱朴含真。智巧既萌,資待靡因。誰其贍之?實賴哲人。

哲人伊何?時為后稷。贍之伊何,實曰播植。舜既躬耕,禹亦稼穡。遠若周典,八政始食。

熙熙令德,猗猗原陸。卉木繁榮,和風清穆。紛紛士女,趨時競逐。桑婦宵興,農夫野宿。

氣節易過,和澤難久。冀缺携儷沮溺結耦。相彼賢達猶勤隴畝。矧伊衆庶曳裾拱手

民生在勤勤則不匱。宴安自逸歲暮奚冀。儋石不儲飢寒交至。顧余儔列能不懷愧?

孔耽道徳樊須是鄙。董樂琴書田園弗履。若能超然投迹高軌。敢不歛衽敬讚德美。


命子

悠悠我祖,爰自陶唐。邈為虞賓,世歷重光。御龍勤夏豕韋翼商。穆穆司徒厥族以昌。

紛紛戰國漠漠衰周。鳳隱于林幽人在丘。逸虬遶雲奔鯨駭流。天集有漢眷余愍侯。

於赫愍侯運當攀龍。撫劍風邁顯茲武功。書誓河山啟土開封。亹亹丞相允迪前蹤。

渾渾長源洪柯。群川載導,衆條載羅。時有語黙,運因隆窊。在我中晉,業融長沙。

桓桓長沙,伊勲伊徳。天子疇我,專征南國。功遂辭歸,臨寵不忒。孰謂斯心,而近可得。

肅矣我祖,慎終如始。直方三臺,惠和千里。於穆仁考,淡焉虛止。寄迹風雲,寘茲愠喜。

嗟余寡陋,瞻望弗及。顧慚華鬢,負影隻立。三千之罪,無後為急。我誠念哉,呱聞爾泣。

卜云嘉日,占亦良時。名汝曰儼,字汝求思。温恭朝夕,念茲在茲。尚想孔伋,庶其企而。

厲夜生子,遽而求火。凡百有心,奚特于我。既見其生,實欲其可。人亦有言,斯情無假。

日居月諸,漸免於孩。福不虛至,禍亦易來。夙興夜寐,願爾斯才。爾之不才,亦已焉哉。


歸鳥

翼翼歸鳥。晨去于林。逺之八表。近憇雲岑。和風不洽。翻翮求心。顧儔相鳴。景庇清陰。翼翼歸鳥。載翔載飛。雖不懷游。見林情依。遇雲頡頏。相鳴而歸。遐路誠悠。性愛無遺。

翼翼歸鳥。馴林徘徊。豈思天路。欣及舊棲。雖無昔侶。衆聲毎諧。日夕氣清。悠然其懷。

翼翼歸鳥。戢羽寒條。游不曠林。宿則森標。晨風清興。好音時交。矰繳奚施。已巻安勞。



卷之二

詩五言

形影神

形影神三首貴賤賢愚,莫不營營以惜生,斯甚惑焉。故極陳形影之苦,言神辨自然,以釋之好事君子,共取其心焉

形贈影

天地長不沒。山川無改時。草木得常理。霜露榮悴之。謂人最靈智。獨復不如茲。適見在世中。奄去靡歸期。奚覺無一人。親識豈相思。但餘平生物。舉目情悽洏。我無騰化術。必爾不復疑。願君取吾言。得酒莫茍辭。影答形

存生不可言。衛生毎苦拙。誠願游崑華。邈然茲道絶。與子相遇來。未嘗異悲恱。憩蔭若暫乖。止日終不别。此同既難常。黯爾俱時滅。身沒名亦盡。念之五情熱。立善有遺愛。胡為不自竭。酒云能消憂。方此詎不劣。神釋

大鈞無私力。萬理自森著。人為三才中。豈不以我故。與君雖異物。生而相依附。結託善惡同。安得不相語。三皇大聖人。今復在何處。彭祖壽永年。欲留不得住。老少同一死。賢愚無復數。日醉或能忘。將非促齡具。立善常所欣。誰當為汝譽。甚念傷吾生。正宜委運去。縱浪大化中。不喜亦不懼。應盡便須盡。無復獨多慮。


九日閑居

余閒居,愛重九之名,秋菊盈園,而持醪靡由,空服九華,寄懷於言。

世短意常多。斯人樂久生。日月依辰至。舉俗愛其名。露凄暄風息。氣澈天象明。往鷰無遺影。來雁有餘聲。酒能祛百慮。菊為制頽齡。如何蓬廬士。空視時運傾。塵爵恥虛罍。寒華徒自榮。歛襟獨閒謠。緬焉起深情。棲遲固多娯。淹留豈無成。


歸園田居五首

其一

少無適俗韻。性本愛丘山。誤落塵網中。一去三十年。覊鳥戀舊林。池魚思故淵。開荒南野際。守拙歸園田。方宅十餘畝。草屋八九間。榆栁蔭後園。桃李羅堂前。曖曖逺人村。依依墟里烟。狗吠深巷中。雞鳴桑樹巔。户庭無塵雜。虛室有餘閒。久在樊籠裏。復得返自然。

其二

野外罕人事。窮巷寡輪鞅。白日掩荊扉。虛室絶塵想。時復墟曲中。披草共來往。相見無雜言。但道桑麻長。桑麻日已長。我土日已廣。常恐霜霰至。零落同草莽。

其三

種豆南山下。草盛豆苗稀。晨興理荒穢。帶月荷鋤歸。道狹草木長。夕露沾我衣。衣沾不足惜。但使願無違。

其四

久去山澤游。浪莽林野娯。試㩦子姪軰。披榛步荒墟。徘徊丘壠間。依依昔人居。井竈有遺處。桑竹殘朽株。借問採薪者。此人皆焉如。薪者向我言。死沒無復餘。一世異朝市。此語真不虛。人生似幻化。終當歸空無。

其五

悵恨獨策還。﨑嶇歴榛曲。山澗清且淺。遇以濯吾足。漉我新熟酒。隻雞招近局。日入室中闇。荊薪代明燭。歡來苦夕短。已復至天旭。

其六

種苗在東臯。苗生滿阡陌。雖有荷鋤倦。濁酒聊自適。日暮巾柴車。路暗光已夕。歸人望烟火。稚子候簷隙。問君亦何為。百年㑹有役。但願桑麻成。蠶月得紡績。素心正如此。開徑望三益。


遊斜川

示周續之、祖企、謝景夷三郎

乞食

諸人共游周家墓栢下

怨詩楚調示龐主簿鄧治中

簽龐參軍

五月旦作和戴主簿

連雨獨飲

移居二首

和劉柴桑

酬劉柴桑

和郭主簿二首

於王撫軍座送客

與殷晉安別

贈羊長史

歲暮和張常侍


卷之三

詩五言

始作鎮軍參軍經曲阿作

庚子歲五月中從都還阻風於規林二首

辛丑歲七月赴假還江陵夜行塗口

癸卯歲始春懷古田舍二首

癸卯歲十二月中作與從弟敬遠

乙巳歲三月為建威參軍使都經錢溪

還舊居

戊申歲六月中遇火

己酉歲九月九日

庚戌歲九月中於西田穫早稻

丙辰歲八月中於下潠田舍穫

飲酒二十首

止酒 述酒

貴子

有會而作

蜡日


卷之四

詩五言

擬古九首

雜詩十二首

詠貧士七首

詠二疏

詠三良

詠荊軻

讀山海經十三首

挽歌詩三首

聯句


卷之五

威士不遇賦

閑情賦

歸去來兮辭


卷之六

記傳贊述

桃花源記并詩

晉故征西大將軍長史孟府君傳

五柳先生傳

讀史述九章

扇上畫贊

尚長禽贊


卷之七

疏 祭文

與子儼等疏

祭程氏妹文

祭從弟敬遠文

自祭文

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