Flirting made easy!

On a grey, cold, and melancholy Sunday afternoon, I was reading the North-China Daily News published over 100 years ago (1882) in my study. Sunlight sparkled my face and cleansed my mind when I was excited by an interesting title listed in the advertisement of Kelly & Walsh on the front page (Monday, 5th June, 1882). It is Charles H. Ross' Flirting made easy: a guide for girls: to which are added several full-length portraits of good, pretty girls and a few others of pretty good girls (London: 'Judy' Office, 1882) with illustrations by Dower Wilson. This is a book for girls and women, and, after all, men.

This illustration is from page 17. (source) The poor little boy is begging for love from the little girl, who is only generous enough to offer her indifference to his passion for her. Poor kid, the first victim. This victim might be Ross himself. He says "I believe young ladies begin to flirt much earlier in life than they used to do when I, who write this, was a good little boy with a huge collar and long-peaked cap."

Unfortunately, this book is not fully available on Gbook or Archive.org. I hope I can have a copy of it. Yet I found a blogger managed to jot down some funny paragraphs from Gbook. Here I quote a few:

The Art of Flirting among Wild Beasts: Women are fond of comparing men to monkeys, which is unjust to the men - or the monkeys. Monkeys are an imitative class and so are men. Many men get married through force of example. Woman ought not to be unkind to man on this account.

I feel sure that that dear girl has been vigorously brought up, and is the possessor of biceps calculated to cause a male weakling considerable surprise. She is not the model maiden of my youth with the bell-rope curls and lackadaisical ways, whom good Miss Primmer was wont to teach that no lady ever crossed her legs, and that no one ever went to heaven who stirred her tea with the snuffers.

And I add some more from what I have found on Gbook:

No, no, no, my dear young lady readers, don't waste the talents that I feel sure you possess upon the desert air, or even upon other young ladies, however appreciative. Don't flock, in fact — no, pray don't flock ! What 's the good?

True. Ladies, don't flock if you want to flirt or to be flirted.

25 of the most beautiful college libraries in the world - because im addicted

25 of the most beautiful college libraries in the world - because im addicted:

'via Blog this'

停滞の帝国：近代西洋における中国像の変遷

停滞の帝国

近代西洋における中国像の変遷　

大野英二郎 著

発売日　2011/10/20

判型　A5判 ISBN　978-4-336-05440-1

Cコード　0022

定価　7,140円 （本体価格6,800円）

近代西洋において、中国はいかに記述されてきたか――。マカートニー使節団、イエズス会、ライプニッツ、ヴォルテール、モンテスキュー、リンネ、アダム・スミス、ヘーゲル、ダーウィン、ニーチェ、ヴェーバー、ウィットフォーゲル……。文化史、思想史、自然科学史を横断し、近代西洋における中国像の変容の意味を探るとともに、近代西洋に特有の思考構造を明らかにする。オリエンタリズム研究の新たな可能性を示す大著。

大野英二郎 （オオノエイジロウ）

1953年東京生まれ。東京大学大学院人文科学研究科博士課程修了。パリ第8大学博士課程修了。第3課程博士。現在、フェリス女学院大学国際交流学部教授。専攻は近代フランス文学・思想。訳書にフンボルト『新大陸赤道地方紀行　上・中・下』（共訳、岩波書店）など。

序章　マカートニー使節団
マカートニー使節団／アンダーソンの手記／ストーントンの記録／バローの記録／マカートニーの日記／バローの衝撃

第1部　中国の登場――18世紀初頭まで

第1章　中国の登場
中国と地理的想像力／異界としての極東――マンデヴィル／中国の発見／中国報告の開始――クルス／中国への関心――メンドーサ／イエズス会の宣教方法／驚異としての中国／キリスト教の痕跡／儒教の位置づけ／中国史と聖書／中国史の衝撃――マルティニ／中国文明の欠点　中国の原像――ル・コント／中国礼賛――ライプニッツ／中国礼賛への反論――ルノド／世俗的人間の証言／二種類の証言、二種類の言説

第2章　世界観への組み込み
ヨーロッパ意識の危機／聖書の読み直し――ラ・ペレール／無神論者の徳――ベール／新旧論争――ペロー、フォントネル／進歩の観念と中国／中国思想の不変性――マルブランシュ／普遍史の模索――ボッスエ／中国人バビロン起源説――フェヌロン／中国人エジプト起源説――ユエ、ド・メラン／ロビンソン・クルーソーの視点

第2部　神話の形成――18世紀

第1章　中国の流行
中国の世紀／中国礼賛の戦略――ヴォルテール／中国の不変性――『シナの孤児』／批判装置としての中国――モンテスキュー／聖像破壊――アンソンの『世界周航記』／東洋的専制主義――ブーランジェ、エルヴェシウス／重農主義者の視点――ケネーなど　重農主義者への反論――マブリー／トポスとしてのシナ

第2章　世界の中の中国　　
聖書への疑問――ラングレ＝デュフレノワ／新しい普遍史――テュルゴ／停滞する中国――レイナル／世界史概念の変化――カント／反啓蒙主義――ヘルダー／ヨーロッパ中心主義的偏見――ド・ポー／進歩に対する確信――コンドルセ

第3章　博物学から人類学へ　　
博物学の中の中国人――リンネ／人種概念の成立――ビュフォン／世界の多様性――カント、ド・ブロス　顔面角――カンペル／身体人類学――ブルーメンバッハ／人種の階梯――ホワイト

第4章　ヨーロッパの変容　　
ヨーロッパの変化／人類発展段階説――ケームズ／イギリスの変化――アダム・スミス／繁栄と没落――ファーガソン／産業の発展と自由――ミラー／イギリスの急進主義と中国――プリーストリ、ゴドウィン／終末の予言――マルサス／オリエントの復権――アンクティル＝デュペロン／中国の褪色

第3部　停滞の神話――19世紀前半

第1章　19世紀中葉までの中国観察　　
神話の定着／アマースト使節団／軍事的関心――ロシア人の観察／アヘン戦争まで／プロテスタント宣教師の視点――メドハースト／アジアの中の中国――ウィリアムズなど／骨董的世界から猥雑な混沌へ／中国学の確立

第2章　思想の中の中国　　
世界観の変化と中国／フランス革命の余波――コンスタン／『人口論』をめぐる応酬――マルサスとゴドウィン／産業革命の普及――セイ／世界史と中国――ヘーゲル／インドとの対比――フリードリッヒ・フォン・シュレーゲル、クザン／社会発展と中国――コント／反動思想の中の中国――ボナルド／アジアの中の中国――ジョーンズ、リスト／自由主義思想と中国――トクヴィル

第3章　人種論と中国人　　
近代的人類学の形成／人種分類の中の中国人／独立種としての人種

第4部　神話の変容――19世紀後半

第1章　中国の混迷　　
動乱の連続／変化する中国――ユック／ヨーロッパの変貌と中国の停滞／太平天国の影響――メドウズ／中国の将来――ミチー／太平天国への共感――リンドレー／中国人の流入――白人至上主義の表裏／好奇と同情――トウェイン

第2章　不変性から後進性へ　　
変化の予感――コントのその後／自由主義理論の暗部――ジョン・ステュアート・ミル／アジア的生産様式――マルクス　進歩史観の否定――ランケ　民族論と人種論――ルナン　人種不平等論の唱道――ゴビノー／優生学の視点――ダーウィン／社会進化論――スペンサー／優生学理論と中国人――ゴルトン、ヴァシェ＝ド＝ラプージュ／潜在的脅威としての中国――ピアソン、ル＝ボン／アーリア人の神話――チェンバレン

第3章　変化の胎動　　
中国の進歩――ウィリアムズ再版／中国人論――アーサー・スミス／女性たちの報告／変化の実感――コフーン／40年後の中国再論――ミチー／黄禍論――興隆する日本の影響／頽廃の果て――ノルダウ

第4章　トポスとしての中国　　
中国像の変容／異国趣味――ジュディト・ゴーティエ／愚民としての中国人――『パンチ』誌／植民地主義と冒険小説／中国人の非人間性――ミルボー、コンラッド／義和団の乱と文学――黄禍論と大衆文学／悪役としての中国人／白人の責務――キプリング

終章　西洋の黄昏、中国の黎明　　
決定的変化の生起／西洋文明批判――ニーチェ／近代への懐疑――ヴェーバー／帝国主義批判――ホブソン／中国革命への対応／西洋の没落――シュペングラー／中国の近代化――孫文　懐古的視線――セガレン／異国情緒の残照――プッチーニ／歴史の流れと中国人――バック、マルロー／新生中国の苦闘――スメドレー／『中国の赤い星』――スノー／単線的世界観への疑義――ウィットフォーゲル／新たな中国像を求めて

注
あとがき
考文献一覧
人名索引
図像一覧

source: http://www.kokusho.co.jp/np/isbn/9784336054401/

馴化

在港大上學，中午時間的太古樓飯堂，難免會碰上一街之隔的英皇書院的學生。


偶然發現前校長梁植穎的《英皇師生愛國愛港情》（香港：明報出版社，2007）。愛國，愛英國，愛中國，愛香港。梁氏介紹超過二百位師生的成就及貢獻。八十載歷史，人材輩出。


關於宋學鵬，目錄上的短短數語，可甚玩味：「教導金文泰港督中文，提高中文老師待遇，馴化金督解決一九二一至一九二六年抵制英貨的中港大罷工。」馴化一字，可圈可點。愛國情操高尚，名副其實。


梁氏引了不許多珍貴材料，包括相片、報章、口述資料等。參考和可讀性甚高。


又，宋氏的藏書今庋藏於加拿大英屬哥倫比亞大學（The University of British Columbia）的亞洲圖書館（Asian Library）。

Singaporean national identities

National identities are politically forged, culturally constructed, and collectively shared. Young country like Singapore provides sound evidence to prove this claim.


Three cultural impulses, Terrence Chong tells us, are relevant to manufacture authenticity in Singapore. They are 1) the Malay literary movement Angkatan Sasterawan 50 prior to independence; 2) the state-sponsored Confucian ethics discourse during the 1980s; and 3) the romanticization of the working-class 'heartlander' through contemporary popular culture in confrontation with the politics of global capitalism and globalization, which Chong argues that offers the most popular symbols of Singaporean national identity.




Terence Chong, "Manufacturing Authenticity: The Cultural Production of National Identities in Singapore," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 4 (2011), pp. 877-897.

When I left

Quum subit illius tristissima noctis imago
qua mihi supremum [tempus] in urbe fuit
quum repeto noctem, qua tot mihi cara reliqui
labitur ex oculis nunc quoque gutta meis.
(When steals upon me the gloomy memory of that night
which marked my latest hours in the city -
when I recall that night on which I left so many things
dear to me, even now from my eyes the teardrops fall.)


Quoted from the Edinburgh-educated Malaysian Chinese scholar Ku Hung-ming's (1857-1928) quotation in "Days That Are No More" from Chapter3, Book 1, of Ovid's Tristia. Translation from Lo Hui-Min's “Ku Hung-ming: Schooling,” Papers on Far Eastern History, Vol. 37-38, 1988, p. 64.

Recent readings XXVIII

Modern Asian Studies Vol. 45, Special Issue 2: China in World War II, 1937-1945: Experience, memory, and Legacy. Part I: Experiencing China's War with Japan: World War II, 1937–1945


Rana Mitter, "Classifying Citizens in Nationalist China during World War II, 1937–1941," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 243-275.


Matthew D. Johnson, "Propaganda and Sovereignty in Wartime China: Morale Operations and Psychological Warfare under the Office of War Information," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 303-344.


Andres Rodriguez, "Building the Nation, Serving the Frontier: Mobilizing and Reconstructing China's Borderlands during the War of Resistance (1937–1945)," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 345-376. Rodriguez argues that the notion of 'frontier service' and the 'cultural reconstruction' project propounded by the Chinese anthropologist, Li Anzhai, not only sought the modernize and unify China around a distinct multicultural identity, it was also an important mobilizing force amongst sectors of wartime youth which arguably introduced young Han Chinese to a region which they had hitherto only imagined in the pre-war period.


Felix Boecking's "Unmaking the Chinese Nationalist State: Administrative Reform among Fiscal Collapse, 1937-1945," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 277-301. Boecking contends that from 1937 until 1940, the Chinese Nationalist Party (Guomindang) fiscal policy managed to preserve a degree of relative stability even though, by early 1939, the Nationalists had already lost control over ports yielding 80 per cent of Customs revenue. The introduction of war-time fiscal instruments led to administrative changes, which in return created one of the preconditions for the disintegration of the Nationalist state, which facilitated the Chinese Communist Party victory in 1949.




Part II: Remembering China's War with Japan: The Wartime Generation in Post-war China and East Asia


Parks M. Coble, "Writing about Atrocity: Wartime Accounts and their Contemporary Uses," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 379-398. Coble finds that most wartime writing stressed the theme of 'heroic resistance' by the Chinese rather than China's victimization at the hands of Japanese. Exceptions to his approach included efforts to publicize Japan's action to Western audiences in the hope of gaining support for China's cause, and a related focus on the bombing of the civilian population by the Japanese.


James Reilly's "Remember History, Not Hatred: Collective Remembrance of China's War of Resistance to Japan," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 463-490. Reilly examines four historical periods: China's 'benevolent amnesia' on Japan's wartime atrocities before 1982; China's patriotic education campaign from the mid-1980s; the rise of history activism in China in the late 1990s; and the post-2005 reversal in official rhetoric on Japan and the wartime past. He argues that while the party-state retains an impressive capacity to shape the narratives of critical periods of modern Chinese history, Chinese leaders are likely to find themselves increasingly constrained by domestic forces and by external events beyond their control.


Neil J. Diamant, "Conspicuous Silence: Veterans and the Depoliticization of War Memory in China," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 431-461. Diamant argues that the relative silence of authentic military voices in the post-war period can be attributed to several peculiar features of modern Chinese history. The nature of warfare, the absence of a national army, veteran organizations and a consensus over the the legitimacy about the wars, has overshadowed the validity of veteran's claims for a higher political and cultural status. Intellectual elites in various cultural and propaganda offices dominate national war memory presenting a simplistic and artificial rendering of the wars, and marginalize veterans' position to portray war from their perspectives.


Arron William Moore, "The Problem of Changing Language Communities: Veterans and Memory Writing in China, Taiwan, and Japan," Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 45, No. 2 (2011), pp. 399-429. Moore analyses six categories of 'memory writing' that veterans used to engage with memory debates: post-war diaries, 'testimonial literature', articles and literary works, surveys and oral histories, memoirs, and paratext. He argues that veterans can only be 'heard' by members of their language community, or by a post-war society that is prepared to 'listen' to their message with little mediation.

六朝 ‧ 香港

童嶺：〈「鈔」、「寫」有別論－－六朝書籍文化史識小錄一種〉，《漢學研究》，第29卷第1期（2011年3月），頁257-280。照本不動而謄錄者謂之「寫」；部分摘錄且可作改動者謂之「鈔」。


楊孟軒：〈調景嶺：香港「小臺灣」的起源與變遷，1950-1970年代〉，《臺灣史研究》，第18卷第1期（2011年3月），頁133-183。採用流亡／離散（diaspora）群體概念切入，引用CO1030、HKRS檔案、臺灣救總出版品，以及第三勢力在香港出版的兩份主要雜誌《中國之聲》（1951-2）及《自由陣線》（1950-3）

中體西用論的重生？

中體西用是一種以中學為體，西學為用的理論。中學是指孔子之道，是中國道統文化，生活規範。西方的物質文明，格致製造，有其實用價值。中西學術的主要區別就是道與器，形而上者以道勝，形而下者以器勝。（莊吉發：〈中體西用－－以盛清時期中西藝術交流為中心〉，《史學彙刊》，第26期，2010年12月，頁128）


康熙道：「中國人不解西洋字義，故不便辨爾西洋人不解中國字義，如何妄論中國道理之是非？」......入境隨俗，互相尊重，符合人類文化自然演進的法則。文化人類學派解釋人類文化的起源也主張文化複源說，文化是多元的，深信人類文化依著自然法則演進，人同此心，心同此理，不必一定發源於一地，或創自一人，康熙皇帝的態度是客觀的。（頁137-8）


資料來源：莊吉發：〈中體西用－－以盛清時期中西藝術交流為中心〉，《史學彙刊》，第26期，2010年12月，頁125-178。附郎世寧雍正年間藝術創作活動簡表（頁129-34）。又附乾隆年間平定西域得勝圖銅版畫繪製過程簡表，將稿樣交粵海關發送法蘭西製成銅版畫（1753-1776）（頁163-6）。

Recent readings XXVII

I am back to Hong Kong for a while and just started to browse through the journals I missed in the summer. Some of them are quite interesting and a few related to my current research interests. They are:


伍伯常：〈隋唐之際的割據勢力－－以貴冑出身的李淵和李密為中心〉，《東吳歷史學報》，第25期（2011年6月），頁1-56。建制內外的力量角力及地緣政治的克服與制約。
何萍：〈英國與武漢國民政府之漢案交涉──以英國領事報告為中心〉，《東吳歷史學報》，第25期（2011年6月），頁187-252。 useful for my research on KW
李朝津：〈清末民初廣東大學學制之發軔〉，《東吳歷史學報》，第25期（2011年6月），頁141-185。1924年成立的廣東大學的政治牽絆。
羅麗馨：〈豐臣秀吉侵略朝鮮〉，《國立政治大學歷史學報》，第35期（2011年5），頁33-74。由侵略史到侵略史觀。
侯旭東：〈東漢洛陽南郊刑徒墓的性質與法律依據－－從《明鈔本天聖令 ‧ 獄官令》所附一則唐令說起〉，《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集刊》，第82卷，第1分，2011年3月，頁1-42。


I read several critical reviews of some books I am interested in. It certainly does not do the justice without actually reading the books but it makes sense when I am forced to prioritise my reading lists.


David Lyon's Identifying Citizens: ID Cards as Surveillance (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2009). Using ID cards as the point of departure, the book resonates with Foucault's concepts of biopolitics and governmentality. The finer the granularity of identifying information collected by the state, the greater will be the potentiality for treating citizens differently according to their respective administrative identities. The process of identification entails social sorting.


Joel Mokyr's The Enlightened Economy: An Economic History of Britain, 1700-1850 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009). Why did Britain have an industrial revolution first? Why not other advanced European countries? Because in Britain ideas interacted vigorously with business interests in 'a positive feedback loop that created the greatest sea change in economic history since the advent of culture.' Technological innovation is the prime mover.


Patrick Wright's Passport of Peking: A Very British Mission to Mao's China (OUP, 2010). Wright makes extensive use of diaries, journals, reminiscences, and oral interview with key visitors to the Communist China as early as in 1954. The key visitors include the painter Stanley Spencer, artist-journalist Paul Hogarth, biologist Cedric Dover, sinologist Edwin Pulleyblank, philosopher A. J. Ayer, architect Sir Hugh Casson, MP Barbara Castle, former PM Clement Attlee, politician Anuerin Bevan etc.


George R. Trumbull's An Empire of Facts: Colonial Power, Cultural Knowledge, and Islam in Algeria, 1870-1914 (CUP, 2009). Trumbull examines the views of colonial ethnographers about Islam as monolithic, primitive, and politically dangerous. The Imprimerie Adolph Jourdan in Algiers specialized in publishing works of colonial ethnography, which became widely known in colonial Algeria and France, and those the administration approved were bought for the libraries that existed in most administrative districts of Algeria.


Michael Curtis's Orientalism and Islam : European thinkers on Oriental despotism in the Middle East and India (CUP, 2009). Montesquieu, Edmund Burke, Alexis de Tocqueville, James Mill and John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, and Max Weber