于謙(1398-1457): 〈石灰吟〉
千錘萬擊出深山,
烈火焚燒若等閑。
粉骨碎身全不怕,
要留清白在人間。
英譯:
1. 丁祖馨和Burton Raffel:《中國詩歌精華:從〈詩經〉到當代》 (瀋陽:遼寧大學出版社,1986),頁190-1。
Limestone Song
It was digging, chiseling, cutting that led me into the world.
What can heating, burning, boiling do to hurt me, now?
Reduce me to dust, to powder, I'm not afraid.
So long as I remain stainless, and pure.
2. 王知還:《古今愛國抒情詩詞選》(北京:中國對外翻譯出版公司,1995),頁115。
Lime
Hacked and hammered a thousand times,
From the depth of the mountains it comes.
Through hectic heat and frantic flame,
Unperturbed it stays the same.
Flesh and bone to smithereens crushed,
It still is unafraid, unflushed,
For all it desires from its birth,
Is leaving whiteness to this earth.
3. 王晉熙等:《金元明清絕句英譯》(北京:外語教學與研究出版社,2002),頁86。
On Limestone
After severe hammering, it comes out of deep mountains;
It never minds even if burned in raging fire.
It's ever ready to turn into powder and dust;
To leave cleanliness in the world is its long-cherished intent.
4. 許淵沖:《元明清詩:漢英對照》(北京:海豚出版社,2015),頁29。
Song of the Lime
You come out of deep mountains after hammer blows;
Under fire and water tortures you’re not in woes.
Though broken into pieces, you will have no fright;
You’ll purify the world by washing it e’er white.
元末明初高僧姚廣孝(1335-1418):《逃虛類稿.雙蓮忠禪師傳》( 《四庫全書存目叢書》,《逃虛類稿》,卷四,集28-127上。(南京圖書館藏清鈔本) 《續修四庫全書》,1326,集部。別集,頁664。[清抄本,同南京圖書館藏清鈔本])
記述高僧釋信忠禪師的生平事蹟,
曰: 「安慶平章范公[濤按:范文虎,賈似道女婿,降元],舍所居宅為寺,請忠開山,遂往見公,曰:『知師得自然之智,可無語乎?』以石灰命題,即成偈曰:
工夫打就出深山,
烈火曾經煅一番;
粉骨碎身都不問,
要留明白在人間。
據史洪權(〈《石灰吟》:從僧偈到名詩〉,《文學遺產》2006 年第 5 期,頁88-94,160),該偈應作於元世祖至元二十五年(1288)至二十九年(1292)間。
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